Boiler fittings - Regulations

According to Factory and Machinery Act (Steam boiler & unfired pressure vessel) regulation,1970:
Every steam boiler shall be provided with:

1. Two or more Safety Valve
2. Two Water gauge
3. A steam pressure gauge
4. A blow down valve or cock
5. Two feed water pump
6. A main steam stop valve
7. A feed check valve
8. An inspector’s test pressure gauge attachment
9. A fusible plug
10. A low water alarm
11. A low water fuel cut out
12. Manufacturer’s name plate
13. Registration plate

Water Tube Boiler -advantages and disadvantages

Waste Heat Recovery Boiler

Water Tube boiler - fittings

Fire Tube Boiler - fittings

Fire Tube Boiler (3 Pass)

Types of Boiler

1.Water Tube- water flow inside boiler tubes and flue gas outside the tubes

2.Fire Tube – Flue gas flow inside boiler tubes and water outside

3.Waste Heat (WHRB) – water tube boiler

Examples of Fire tube Boiler

Saturated and Superheated Steam

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Boiler Uses

Steam Production

In a fuel fired boiler, chemical energy in the fuel is converted into heat in the furnace and the function of the boiler is to transfer this heat to the water in the most efficient manner


This heat is transfer to the water in the boiler by radiation, conduction and convention

-When heat is added to water, its temperature rises at a rate of 0.56°C (1°F) for each heat input of 2.095 kJ/kg (1 Btu/lb)


-If we take water at 0°C (32°F) and we add 419 kJ/kg (180 Btu/lb) then we will increase the temperature of the water by 100°C (180°F)

-This rise in temperature can be detected and is called Sensible Heat (Specific Enthalpy -Water)

Steam Uses:

Space heating


Drying -paper mill

Process heating

Sterilization

Shipping

Power generation

Steam Quality

Steam quality relates to the quantity of moisture present in the steam


100% quality specifying no moisture content

0% quality specifying all liquid

Liquid droplets entrained in the steam leaving a boiler contain dissolved solids

Difinasi Boiler

A boiler is a closed vessel in which water is heated. The heated or vaporized fluid (steam) exits the boiler for use in various processes or heating applications


Satu bekas yang tertutup yang digunakan untuk menjana stim pada tekanan yang melebihi tekanan atmosfera, dan termasuklah peralatan superheater dan economizer serta kelengkapan lain yang ada dipasang kepadanya